Diabetic Neuropathy Treatment
Diabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-term high blood sugar, leading to symptoms like numbness, tingling, burning pain, or weakness, usually in the feet and hands. The first step in treatment is tight blood sugar control to prevent further nerve damage and slow the progression of symptoms. Patients are advised to maintain their target glucose levels through medications, insulin (if needed), a healthy diet, and regular exercise. Managing other risk factors like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking is also important, as they can worsen nerve damage. Regular foot care is essential, since people with neuropathy may not feel cuts or sores, increasing the risk of infections and ulcers.
To manage pain and discomfort, doctors may prescribe medications such as anticonvulsants (like pregabalin or gabapentin), antidepressants (like duloxetine or amitriptyline), or topical treatments like capsaicin cream. Over-the-counter pain relievers may help mild cases, but stronger medications are often needed for persistent symptoms. Physical therapy, foot braces, or special footwear can help improve mobility and prevent injury. For digestive, bladder, or sexual problems caused by autonomic neuropathy, additional specific treatments may be recommended. While diabetic neuropathy can’t be fully reversed, a combination of blood sugar management, medications, and lifestyle measures can greatly improve quality of life and reduce complications.